Chapter I · Comparison
Audiobook Distributors Compared: Which Route Fits Your Book
ACX, Spotify for Authors, Voices by INaudio, Google Play, Kobo, Draft2Digital, PublishDrive and ElevenReader compared on routes, exclusivity and royalties.
27 primary sources, each with its read date
Compare your optionsACX and AI Narration: What the Rule Says and What It Leaves OpenIf you want Audible with a human narrator, ACX is the route this page documents, and it asks you to choose between exclusive and non-exclusive distribution. If your narration is AI, ACX's rule currently points elsewhere: Spotify for Authors, Voices by INaudio, Author's Republic and Kobo each document some form of digital narration; ElevenReader Publishing's terms are silent on how audio is produced. This page compares nine routes on what their own pages say, and it flags what stayed unread or unpublished. Use it after you have read the full route from manuscript to listing.
How this page was researched
Written from the published pages cited below, each with the date it was read.
Disclosure
NarratedIndie has not joined any affiliate program, so links on this page earn nothing today. See our affiliate disclosure.
Routes, exclusivity and AI at a glance
Each row reflects what the linked official pages said on November 8, 2026. "Not published on the pages read" means the page was read and stated no rate, not that none exists.
| Distributor | Route for human narration | Route for AI narration | Exclusivity |
|---|---|---|---|
| ACX | Find a producer through ACX. Pay options are Pay-for-Production, Royalty Share and Royalty Share Plus | None documented. Audiobook must be narrated by a human unless otherwise authorized (page date Apr 15, 2026). Audible says it is working to accept third-party TTS, with no date | Your choice: exclusive or non-exclusive. Royalty Share requires exclusive |
| Spotify for Authors | Upload through Spotify for Authors (direct publishing announced August 1, 2025) | Accepts digital voice narration from providers "like Google Play Books, ElevenLabs, and more"; tick the option on upload. Digital voice titles are not currently shared with referral partners | Its upload article says non-exclusive |
| Voices by INaudio | Upload through INaudio | Digital Voice Narration: only unmodified LPF packages from Google Play Books, ElevenLabs and Spoken Press, to partners that accept such titles, none named in the FAQ | No exclusivity agreement, per its article, marked "Edited", no date shown; read 2026-11-08 |
| Author's Republic | Hire through its narrator marketplace, or bring a finished recording | Accepts AI titles "created with any AI engine" if quality and technical requirements are met. You answer an AI narration question and it adds a sentence to the description | No exclusivity stated on the FAQ. It bars sending the same audiobook to one retailer through several distributors |
| Google Play Books | Upload files per its file guidelines | Google's own auto-narration Beta only. Whether third-party AI files are accepted is not stated | Auto-narration: no exclusivity stated; you may sell elsewhere but must also be on Google Play in every country you sell in |
| Kobo | Kobo Writing Life | Accepted, with the narrator contributor set to "Synthesized Voice", "Female Synthesized Voice" or "Male Synthesized Voice" (FAQ as captured on 2026-11-08) | Not verified; Kobo's pages were blocked |
| Draft2Digital | Finished audio goes through its partner Voices by INaudio (steps page). No direct upload of finished audio to Draft2Digital is described | Two separate cases. Apple's own digital narration for eligible ebooks is covered by its Audiobook Terms. Finished AI audio follows INaudio's rule. No Draft2Digital rule on other AI audio was found. Content guidelines (Oct 27, 2025) say they support AI-assisted content but do not accept content generated entirely by AI/LLMs that has not gone through extensive human editing, and do not mention audiobooks or narration | For the Apple-made file, Apple Books is the exclusive distributor apart from library channels. You may still commission other recordings |
| PublishDrive | Audiobook route and metadata guidelines exist | AI narration must be indicated in the metadata, per its guidelines | Not read |
| ElevenReader Publishing | Not read | ElevenLabs' own publishing program; the Payment Terms (Jan 17, 2026) set payouts for listening in the ElevenReader app. How the audio is produced is not stated there | No exclusivity clause in the Payment Terms (Jan 17, 2026); monetization is chosen per title |
Royalties as documented
Royalty rates are not on a common base, so a row-to-row percentage comparison misleads. Run your own numbers in the royalty calculator.
| Distributor | Royalty if published | What stayed unread |
|---|---|---|
| ACX | New model (from May 26, 2026 for newly claimed titles, new users and enrolled titles): 50% exclusive, 30% non-exclusive. Legacy: 40% and 25%, ending at year-end 2026. Legacy model: net receipts, with an Allocation Factor for membership sales. New model: membership sales use Member Value multiplied by your rate; the royalties page (Jul 31, 2026) does not state the base for cash sales. Never compute earnings from list price. Royalty Share splits the rights holder's rate equally with the producer (25%/25% new, 20%/20% legacy) | The new-model base for cash sales is not stated on the page |
| Spotify for Authors | Spotify's Opt-In Audiobook Distribution Terms (last updated May 4, 2026) apply to authors who have elected to participate in Spotify's Distribution Services for eligible content. For opted-in content they state 50% of suggested retail price à la carte and a pro-rata share of a Spotify-defined pool, with no percentage | These terms do not mention digital voice or say whether a title uploaded through Spotify for Authors is covered. Pool size and per-hour rate are not published |
| Voices by INaudio | Authors keep 80% of the royalties INaudio receives (article marked "Edited", no date shown; read 2026-11-08). The article says partners pay INaudio 40% to 50% of list price à la carte, 30% to 40% of list price on subscription, and 25% to 45% of receipts on revenue share | The article does not mention digital voice, so the rate for those titles is not stated. Full partner rates are inside your account |
| Author's Republic | 80% of earned royalties, paid monthly once $10.00 has accumulated | What partners pay Author's Republic. AI titles are not treated separately in the royalty answer |
| Google Play Books | Not published on the pages read | Rates; whether a fee follows the Beta |
| Kobo | 45% of list price for à la carte audiobooks at or above $2.99; 32% for token-based subscription downloads (FAQ as captured on 2026-11-08) | Follow-up read blocked; base for the 32% not stated |
| Draft2Digital | Terms of Service (effective April 14, 2026) deduct 15% from payments received from sales channels for ebooks and audiobooks outside Smashwords. Its FAQ says about 10% of retail price. New accounts: a $20 one-time activation fee (D2D FAQ). The FAQ and Terms of Service also describe a $12 yearly maintenance fee, which both say is waived once the account earns $100 in a year; the Terms apply it after the first year | The two figures use different bases. Whether any commission applies to sales through a separate INaudio account, and what Apple pays on digitally narrated titles, are not stated |
| PublishDrive | Not published on the pages read | Rates |
| ElevenReader Publishing | 60% of net revenue for list-price titles; $0.20 per hour streamed by premium users on engagement-eligible titles, capped at $2.50 per premium user per title per measurement window; $10 minimum (Payment Terms, Jan 17, 2026) | Payout eligibility by country |
The same sale at a $15 list price, as an estimate
Stated rates can be set side by side only where the base is stated. These are estimates from the percentages above, and a price you set is not always the price a retailer charges.
| Route | Arithmetic | To you |
|---|---|---|
| Spotify, à la carte, opted-in content only | 50% × $15.00 suggested retail price | $7.50 |
| Kobo, à la carte | 45% × $15.00 | $6.75 |
| Voices by INaudio, à la carte | ($6.00 to $7.50 received) × 80% | $4.80 to $6.00 |
| Author's Republic | 80% of an unstated partner payment | Cannot be calculated |
| ACX | Not a percentage of list price | Cannot be calculated |
None of the three calculated figures is confirmed for AI-narrated titles. Spotify's Opt-In terms and INaudio's royalty article do not mention digital voice, and Kobo's FAQ line does not separate AI narration. The Spotify line applies only to opted-in content, and those terms do not say whether a title uploaded through Spotify for Authors is covered, so do not use $7.50 for an ordinary upload without confirming it.
Draft2Digital's two commission descriptions show why the base matters. If a channel paid $6.00 on a $15.00 sale, a 15% deduction from payments received would be $0.90, and about 10% of retail price would be $1.50. That example is invented to show the difference. Treat the Terms as the operative wording and ask Draft2Digital which applies to your books.
ACX, Voices by INaudio and Author's Republic head to head
These three are the usual choice for an author going beyond one store, and they differ most on AI narration and on Audible.
| ACX | Voices by INaudio | Author's Republic | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AI narration | Prohibited unless authorized | Unmodified LPF from three named providers | "Any AI engine", subject to quality and technical requirements |
| Editing AI audio yourself | No route documented | Not allowed | Not restricted on the FAQ |
| Reach for AI titles | None documented | Participating partners, none named in the FAQ | Its FAQ publishes a retailer list dated October 2026, and each partner still decides |
| Audible | Direct | Needs an ebook on Amazon and a title not on ACX | No Amazon ebook required, per its FAQ |
| Exclusivity | Your choice, and Royalty Share requires exclusive | None | None stated |
| Payment | Rate on sales, see above | 80% of what it receives | 80% of earned royalties |
Treat Author's Republic's retailer list as its own statement, not as those retailers' rules. The list names Amazon/Audible, while ACX's own page requires human narration on ACX submissions unless otherwise authorized and does not say what applies to titles delivered by a distributor. Ask Author's Republic in writing before you count on any store on that list. Its FAQ also says partners reserve the right to decide which titles they carry.
Exclusivity: what each commitment ties up
Exclusivity differs by what it covers, so one word can mean a whole book or a single file. As read on 2026-11-08:
- ACX exclusive ties up that audiobook's distribution for the seven-year term described below.
- Draft2Digital's Apple digital narration ties up only the Apple-made file. You may still make or commission other recordings of the same work.
- Google's auto-narration is not exclusive, but you must also sell on Google Play in every country where you sell elsewhere, and Google's list price cannot exceed other retailers' prices.
- Voices by INaudio states no exclusivity agreement, and Spotify's upload article calls its distribution non-exclusive. ElevenReader's Payment Terms contain no exclusivity clause.
- Royalty Share at ACX requires exclusive distribution, so it rules out a wide release for that recording. Author's Republic's FAQ warns that a royalty-share title may not be able to change its agreement.
Using several non-exclusive routes creates its own rule: send each retailer one copy. Author's Republic's FAQ says delivering the same audiobook to a retailer through several distributors violates its terms and can bring complaints or takedowns. Deselect any store you already serve directly.
Where Apple Books fits
Apple Books has no row above because this page compares distributors, but two of those routes reach it. ACX's exclusive option includes Apple Books, and Draft2Digital is a named partner for Apple's own digital narration.
Apple's Audiobooks Formatting Guidelines 1.3.2, sections 1.15, 3.9 and 5.14, require audiobooks narrated by AI to state this in the title or narrator field and reference it in the description. That is a label rule. No Apple page read says whether third-party AI audio is accepted, so do not read the guideline as permission. See Apple Books.
ACX in detail: terms that decide the choice
ACX gives Audible a seven-year distribution term under either option, per its distribution page (Oct 21, 2026). Exclusive means Audible, Amazon and Apple Books only, and you are "not permitted to distribute or sell your audiobook on any site or store outside of Audible". Non-exclusive lets you sell elsewhere in any format, arranged independently of ACX. ACX does not distribute to libraries, so library reach needs non-exclusive plus another route. See the ACX page.
Findaway Voices and Voices by INaudio
Findaway Voices appears to have become Voices by INaudio, and the evidence is Spotify's and INaudio's own pages. Spotify's support article describes INaudio as formerly Findaway Voices by Spotify, and INaudio's site uses the Voices by INaudio name (the page we read does not itself announce a rename) and offers non-exclusive distribution to retail, library and educational channels. Spotify's August 2025 post says it is partnering with INaudio for wider distribution. Stated rates are in the royalty table above, and INaudio says the full partner rate list is inside your account. Details: Voices by INaudio and Spotify for Authors.
How to choose
- Human narrator, Audible matters most: ACX. Compare exclusive and non-exclusive on your own numbers.
- Human narrator, many stores: non-exclusive ACX alongside a wide route, or a wide distributor alone. Libraries need a route that serves them; see libraries.
- AI narration: Spotify, INaudio (unmodified LPF only), Author's Republic, Kobo with the label, Google's auto-narration Beta, or ElevenReader Publishing (its Payment Terms do not say whether AI-produced audio qualifies, so confirm with ElevenLabs). ACX: no route is documented for third-party AI audio, and it is prohibited unless authorized.
- AI audio from a tool INaudio does not name: INaudio's rule excludes it. Author's Republic's FAQ says any AI engine, and Spotify and Kobo do not limit themselves to a closed list. Check the file requirements first.
- An ebook but no audio, and you want Apple Books: Apple's digital narration through Draft2Digital. Remember the Apple-made file cannot go to other stores apart from library channels.
- Who should not choose which: if you plan to edit AI audio outside its generator, INaudio's rule excludes you. See Google Play, Kobo and Draft2Digital for each store.
What stayed unpublished or unread
Several facts a distributor comparison normally rests on are not available from the pages read on 2026-11-08, and silence is not a yes or a no.
- Royalty rates for AI-narrated titles at Spotify and INaudio.
- Whether a title uploaded through Spotify for Authors falls under the Opt-In terms.
- Which partners accept digitally narrated titles at INaudio, beyond its own account screens.
- Author's Republic's technical requirements and what partners pay it. Its AI help article returned HTTP 403, so this page relies on the FAQ, whose retailer list is dated October 2026.
- Google's and PublishDrive's royalty rates, and Draft2Digital's commission on INaudio sales.
- Any Kobo exclusivity or library term, because its pages were blocked.
The cross-store view is in which retailers accept AI narration. Return to the AI audiobooks hub.
This is general information, not legal advice.
Last verified 2026-11-08. Rules and prices change: check the linked primary page before you rely on this.
Sources
- ACX: Choose a distribution option (Oct 21, 2026) Primary read
- ACX: How royalties work (Jul 31, 2026) Primary read
- ACX: Audio submission requirements (Apr 15, 2026) Primary read
- Spotify for Authors: Digital voice narration Primary read
- Spotify for Authors: direct audiobook publishing (Aug 1, 2025) Primary read
- Spotify for Authors vs Voices by INaudio Primary read
- Spotify for Authors distribution terms Primary read
- Spotify Audiobook Creation Tools Primary read
- Voices by INaudio Primary read
- Voices by INaudio: Digital Voice Narration FAQs Primary read
- Google Play Books: auto-narrated audiobooks program policies Primary read
- Google Play Books: audiobook file guidelines Primary read
- Kobo Writing Life audiobook FAQ (as captured 2026-11-08) Primary read
- Draft2Digital content guidelines (Oct 27, 2025) Primary read
- PublishDrive: audiobook metadata guidelines Primary read
- ElevenReader Publishing Payment Terms (Jan 17, 2026) Primary read
- Draft2Digital: How it works Primary read
- Draft2Digital: Audiobook Terms and Conditions Primary read
- Draft2Digital: Terms of Service (effective April 14, 2026) Primary read
- Draft2Digital: FAQ Primary read
- Spotify Opt-In Audiobook Distribution Terms (May 4, 2026) Primary read
- Spotify for Authors: Uploading audiobooks Primary read
- Voices by INaudio: royalties (marked Edited, no date shown; read 2026-11-08) Primary read
- Voices by INaudio: rights and exclusivity (marked Edited, no date shown; read 2026-11-08) Primary read
- Voices by INaudio: Audible distribution (marked Edited, no date shown; read 2026-11-08) Primary read
- Author's Republic: FAQs Primary read
- Apple: Audiobooks Formatting Guidelines 1.3.2 Primary read